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<a href="#vlans-on-a-hyper-v-setup" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
VLANs on a Hyper-V Setup
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#vlan-support-exceptions" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
VLAN Support &amp; Exceptions
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../PLUGINS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Enable Plugins
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../PIHOLE_GUIDE/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Pi-hole Guide
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</li>
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<a href="../HOME_ASSISTANT/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Home Assistant
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</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../SMTP/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Emails
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../BACKUPS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Backups
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../SECURITY_FEATURES/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Security Features
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../SECURITY/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Security Considerations
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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Advanced guides
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Advanced guides
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../REMOTE_NETWORKS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Remote Networks
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../NOTIFICATIONS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Notifications Guide
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../NAME_RESOLUTION/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Name Resolution
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</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../AUTHELIA/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Authelia
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../PERFORMANCE/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Performance
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../REVERSE_DNS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Reverse DNS
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../REVERSE_PROXY/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Reverse Proxy
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../WEBHOOK_N8N/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Webhooks (n8n)
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../WORKFLOWS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Workflows
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../WORKFLOW_EXAMPLES/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Workflow Examples
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../DOCKER_SWARM/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Docker Swarm
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_3" >
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Help
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</label>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Help
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../COMMON_ISSUES/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Common issues
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../RANDOM_MAC/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Random MAC
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../FIX_OFFLINE_DETECTION/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Incorrect Offline Detection
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Device guides
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
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Device guides
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4_1" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4_1" id="__nav_4_1_label" tabindex="0">
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Editing Devices
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_1_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Editing Devices
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../DEVICE_MANAGEMENT/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Management
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../DEVICES_BULK_EDITING/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Bulk Editing
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../CUSTOM_PROPERTIES/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Custom Properties
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../DEVICE_DISPLAY_SETTINGS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Device Display Settings
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../SESSION_INFO/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Session Info
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4_2" >
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Icons and Topology
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Icons and Topology
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../ICONS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Icons
</span>
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</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../NETWORK_TREE/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Network Topology
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</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5" id="__nav_5_label" tabindex="0">
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Troubleshooting
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
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Troubleshooting
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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General Tips
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Common issues
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Inspecting Logs
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
API Server Issues
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<a href="../DEBUG_INVALID_JSON/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Invalid JSON Issues
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../DEBUG_PHP/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
PHP Issues
</span>
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<a href="../DEBUG_PLUGINS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Plugin Issues
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<a href="../WEB_UI_PORT_DEBUG/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Web UI Port Issues
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</li>
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<a href="../WORKFLOWS_DEBUGGING/" class="md-nav__link">
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Workflows Issues
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Development
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Development
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Plugin and app development
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Plugin and app development
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Environment Setup
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Builds
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Devcontainer
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Custom Plugins
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<a href="../PLUGINS_DEV_CONFIG/" class="md-nav__link">
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Plugin Config
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Frontend Development
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Database
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Settings
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Versions
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Icon and Type guessing
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API
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API
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../API/" class="md-nav__link">
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Overview
</span>
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</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../API_DEVICES/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Devices Collection
</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../API_DEVICE/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Device
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Sessions
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<a href="../API_SETTINGS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Settings
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<a href="../API_EVENTS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Events
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Messaging in-app
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Metrics
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Net Tools
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Online History
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Sync
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<a href="../API_GRAPHQL/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
GraphQL
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<a href="../API_DBQUERY/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
DB query
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<a href="../API_TESTS/" class="md-nav__link">
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Tests
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<a href="../API_OLD/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SUPERSEDED OLD API Overview
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Integrations
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Integrations
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Webhook Secret
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Helper scripts
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Table of contents
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Example Values
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<a href="#explanation" class="md-nav__link">
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Explanation
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#network-mask" class="md-nav__link">
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Network Mask
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<a href="#network-interface-adapter" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Network Interface (Adapter)
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<a href="#vlans" class="md-nav__link">
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VLANs
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<a href="#vlans-on-a-hyper-v-setup" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
VLANs on a Hyper-V Setup
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<a href="#vlan-support-exceptions" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
VLAN Support &amp; Exceptions
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</a>
<h1 id="subnets-configuration">Subnets Configuration</h1>
<p>You need to specify the network interface and the network mask. You can also configure multiple subnets and specify VLANs (see VLAN exceptions below).</p>
<p><code>ARPSCAN</code> can scan multiple networks if the network allows it. To scan networks directly, the subnets must be accessible from the network where NetAlertX is running. This means NetAlertX needs to have access to the interface attached to that subnet. </p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>If you don't see all expected devices run the following command in the NetAlertX container (replace the interface and ip mask):
<code>sudo arp-scan --interface=eth0 192.168.1.0/24</code></p>
<p>If this command returns no results, the network is not accessible due to your network or firewall restrictions (Wi-Fi Extenders, VPNs and inaccessible networks). If direct scans are not possible, check the <a href="../REMOTE_NETWORKS/">remote networks documentation</a> for workarounds.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="example-values">Example Values</h2>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Please use the UI to configure settings as it ensures the config file is in the correct format. Edit <code>app.conf</code> directly only when really necessary.<br />
<img alt="Settings location" src="../img/SUBNETS/subnets-setting-location.png" /></p>
</div>
<ul>
<li><strong>Examples for one and two subnets:</strong></li>
<li>One subnet: <code>SCAN_SUBNETS = ['192.168.1.0/24 --interface=eth0']</code></li>
<li>Two subnets: <code>SCAN_SUBNETS = ['192.168.1.0/24 --interface=eth0','192.168.1.0/24 --interface=eth1 --vlan=107']</code></li>
</ul>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
<p>When adding more subnets, you may need to increase both the scan interval (<code>ARPSCAN_RUN_SCHD</code>) and the timeout (<code>ARPSCAN_RUN_TIMEOUT</code>)—as well as similar settings for related plugins. </p>
<p>If the timeout is too short, you may see timeout errors in the log. To prevent the application from hanging due to unresponsive plugins, scans are canceled when they exceed the timeout limit. </p>
<p>To fix this:<br />
- Reduce the subnet size (e.g., change <code>/16</code> to <code>/24</code>).<br />
- Increase the timeout (e.g., set <code>ARPSCAN_RUN_TIMEOUT</code> to <code>300</code> for a 5-minute timeout).<br />
- Extend the scan interval (e.g., set <code>ARPSCAN_RUN_SCHD</code> to <code>*/10 * * * *</code> to scan every 10 minutes). </p>
<p>For more troubleshooting tips, see <a href="../DEBUG_PLUGINS/">Debugging Plugins</a>.</p>
</div>
<hr />
<h2 id="explanation">Explanation</h2>
<h3 id="network-mask">Network Mask</h3>
<p><strong>Example value:</strong> <code>192.168.1.0/24</code></p>
<p>The <code>arp-scan</code> time itself depends on the number of IP addresses to check.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The number of IPs to check depends on the <a href="https://www.calculator.net/ip-subnet-calculator.html">network mask</a> you set in the <code>SCAN_SUBNETS</code> setting.<br />
For example, a <code>/24</code> mask results in 256 IPs to check, whereas a <code>/16</code> mask checks around 65,536 IPs. Each IP takes a couple of seconds, so an incorrect configuration could make <code>arp-scan</code> take hours instead of seconds.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Specify the network filter, which <strong>significantly</strong> speeds up the scan process. For example, the filter <code>192.168.1.0/24</code> covers IP ranges from <code>192.168.1.0</code> to <code>192.168.1.255</code>.</p>
<h3 id="network-interface-adapter">Network Interface (Adapter)</h3>
<p><strong>Example value:</strong> <code>--interface=eth0</code></p>
<p>The adapter will probably be <code>eth0</code> or <code>eth1</code>. (Check <code>System Info</code> &gt; <code>Network Hardware</code>, or run <code>iwconfig</code> in the container to find your interface name(s)).</p>
<p><img alt="Network hardware" src="../img/SUBNETS/system_info-network_hardware.png" /></p>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
<p>As an alternative to <code>iwconfig</code>, run <code>ip -o link show | awk -F': ' '!/lo|vir|docker/ {print $2}'</code> in your container to find your interface name(s) (e.g.: <code>eth0</code>, <code>eth1</code>):
<code>bash
Synology-NAS:/# ip -o link show | awk -F': ' '!/lo|vir|docker/ {print $2}'
sit0@NONE
eth1
eth0</code></p>
</div>
<h3 id="vlans">VLANs</h3>
<p><strong>Example value:</strong> <code>--vlan=107</code></p>
<ul>
<li>Append <code>--vlan=107</code> to the <code>SCAN_SUBNETS</code> field (e.g.: <code>192.168.1.0/24 --interface=vmbr0 --vlan=107</code>) for multiple VLANs.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="vlans-on-a-hyper-v-setup">VLANs on a Hyper-V Setup</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>Community-sourced content by <a href="https://github.com/mscreations">mscreations</a> from this <a href="https://github.com/jokob-sk/NetAlertX/discussions/404">discussion</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>Tested Setup:</strong> Bare Metal → Hyper-V on Win Server 2019 → Ubuntu 22.04 VM → Docker → NetAlertX.</p>
<p><strong>Approach 1 (may cause issues):</strong><br />
Configure multiple network adapters in Hyper-V with distinct VLANs connected to each one using Hyper-V's network setup. However, this action can potentially lead to the Docker host's inability to handle network traffic correctly. This might interfere with other applications such as Authentik.</p>
<p><strong>Approach 2 (working example):</strong></p>
<p>Network connections to switches are configured as trunk and allow all VLANs access to the server.</p>
<p>By default, Hyper-V only allows untagged packets through to the VM interface, blocking VLAN-tagged packets. To fix this, follow these steps:</p>
<ol>
<li>Run the following command in PowerShell on the Hyper-V machine:</li>
</ol>
<p><code>powershell
Set-VMNetworkAdapterVlan -VMName &lt;Docker VM Name&gt; -Trunk -NativeVlanId 0 -AllowedVlanIdList "&lt;comma separated list of vlans&gt;"</code></p>
<ol>
<li>Within the VM, set up sub-interfaces for each VLAN to enable scanning. On Ubuntu 22.04, Netplan can be used. In /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml, add VLAN definitions:</li>
</ol>
<p><code>yaml
network:
ethernets:
eth0:
dhcp4: yes
vlans:
eth0.2:
id: 2
link: eth0
addresses: [ "192.168.2.2/24" ]
routes:
- to: 192.168.2.0/24
via: 192.168.1.1</code></p>
<ol>
<li>Run <code>sudo netplan apply</code> to activate the interfaces for scanning in NetAlertX.</li>
</ol>
<p>In this case, use <code>192.168.2.0/24 --interface=eth0.2</code> in NetAlertX.</p>
<h4 id="vlan-support-exceptions">VLAN Support &amp; Exceptions</h4>
<p>Please note the accessibility of macvlans when configured on the same computer. This is a general networking behavior, but feel free to clarify via a PR/issue.</p>
<ul>
<li>NetAlertX does not detect the macvlan container when it is running on the same computer.</li>
<li>NetAlertX recognizes the macvlan container when it is running on a different computer.</li>
</ul>
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